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Ȩ>°í°´¼¾ÅÍ>±³À°¸¶´ç |
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| 1.
Primary Market (¹ßÇà½ÃÀå) |
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½ÅÁÖ°ø¸ðÁÖ½Ä(IPO)ÀÌ
óÀ½ »óÀå °Å·¡ µÇ´Â ÁֽĽÃÀå. ½ÅÁÖ¹ßÇà, Áï ÁÖ°£»ç(underwriter)°¡ ½ÅÁÖ¸¦ ÀϹÝÅõÀÚÀڵ鿡°Ô
ÆÇ¸ÅÇÏ´Â ½ÃÀå. |
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| 2.
Secondary Market |
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2-1. Á¤ÀÇ
ÁֽĽÃÀå¿¡ ÀÌ¹Ì »óÀåµÈ ÁֽĵéÀÌ °Å·¡µÇ´Â ½ÃÀå(Trading of issued securities)À¸·Î
ÈçÈ÷ ÁֽĽÃÀåÀ̶ó ĪÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Secondary MarketÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. |
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2-2. ºÐ·ù
1) First Market |
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(1)
Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ »óÀåµÈ ÁֽĵéÀÌ °Å·¡µÇ´Â ½ÃÀå
(2) Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼ÒÀÇ Á¾·ù |
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-
National Stock Exchange : ´º¿åÁõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò(NYSE) /
¾Æ¸Þ¸®ÄÁõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò(AMEX)
- Regional Stock Exchange : ½ÃÄ«°í(Midwest) /
ÆÛ½ÃÇÈ(Los Angeles) / Çʶóµ¨ÇÇ¾Æ / º¸½ºÅÏ
/ ½Å½Ã³×Ƽ |
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2)
Second Market (OTC Market) |
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(1)
Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ »óÀåµÇÁö ¸øÇÑ ÁֽĵéÀÌ Àå¿Ü¿¡¼ °Å·¡µÇ´Â Áõ±Ç½ÃÀå
(2) ºÐ·ù |
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| a. |
Nasdaq |
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| - |
NASDAQ
NMS (National Market System) : OTC ÁֽĽÃÀå¿¡¼
°¡Àå °Å·¡·®ÀÌ ¸¹Àº Á¾¸ñµé¸¸ ¸ð¾Æ °Å·¡µÇ´Â ½ÃÀå |
| - |
NASDAQ
Small Capitalization : NASDAQ NMSº¸´Ù
°Å·¡·®ÀÌ ÀûÀº Á¾¸ñµéÀÌ °Å·¡µÇ´Â Àå¼Ò |
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| b. |
Non
Nasdaq |
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Over
the Counter Bulletin Board (OTCBB) :
NASDAQ µî·Ï±âÁØ ¹Ì´Þ ±â¾÷µéÀÌ µî·Ï.
ÀüÀÚ°Å·¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î ½Ã¼¼Á¦°ø. Á÷Á¢°Å·¡¿¡ ¸¹Àº Á¦ÇÑ |
| - |
Pink
Sheets : ÀüÀÚ °Å·¡ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î ½Ã¼¼³ª °Å·¡°¡ ¾ÊµÇ´Â ȸ»çµéÀÌ
¸ð¿© °Å·¡µÇ´Â ½ÃÀå.
ȸ»ç ±Ô¸ð¿Í °Å·¡·®ÀÌ °¡Àå ÀûÀº 8,000¿© ȸ»ç°¡ °¡ÀÔ |
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3)
Á¦3½ÃÀå(Third Market) |
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(1)
Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ »óÀåµÈ Á¾¸ñµéÀÌ °Å·¡¼Ò°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ³ª½º´Ú¿¡¼ °Å·¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Áõ±Ç½ÃÀå
(2) Ư¡ |
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| a. |
1980³â´ë ÀÌÈÄ Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ »óÀåµÈ ÁֽĿ¡ ÇÑÇÔ |
| b. |
24½Ã°£
°³Àå |
| c. |
ÇöÀç
3rd Market¿¡¼ °Å·¡µÇ´Â NYSE »óÀå Á¾¸ñµéÀÇ ÀÏÆò±Õ °Å·¡·®Àº 50
Mil Ãʰú °è¼Ó Áõ°¡ Ãß¼¼ |
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4)
Á¦4½ÃÀå(Fourth Market) |
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ÀºÇà°£
½ÅŹÀÚ±Ý, ÀºÅð¿¬±Ý µî ±â°üÅõÀÚÀÚµéÀ» À§ÇÑ ½ÃÀåÀ¸·Î ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áõ±ÇÀ» ÀÚµ¿¸Å¸ÅÇϸç
¹Ì±¹ ¹× ÇØ¿ÜÁÖ½ÄÀ» °Å·¡ |
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| 1.
´º¿åÁõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò(New York Stock Exchange) |
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1-1. °³¿ä
"Big Board"¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ´º¿åÁõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿¡¼´Â
Áõ±Ç, ä±Ç, ¿É¼Ç, Rights µîÀÌ °Å·¡µÇ¸ç ¹Ì±¹³» ÁÖ½Ä ÃѰŷ¡·®ÀÇ 75% °¡·®À» ¼ÒÈÇØ³»°í
ÀÖ´Ù. °¡Àå Å« ¿ªÇÒÀº Áֽİŷ¡¸¦ À§ÇÑ Àå¼Ò ¹× ½Ã¼³ Á¦°ø »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Á¾ÇÕÀûÀÎ ±ÔÄ¢µé°ú ¾ö°ÝÇÑ
»óÀå¿ä°ÇÀ» ÅëÇØ ¿ì·®ÁÖ½ÄÀ» ¼±Á¤ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á °øÁ¤ÇÑ °Å·¡¸¦ µ½´Âµ¥ ÀÖ´Ù. ¾ðÁ¦¶óµµ »óÀåµÈ ÁÖ½ÄÀ» Á¦¿Ü½ÃŰ´Â
±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áö°í ¾çÁúÀÇ ÁֽĻóǰÀ» Á¦°øÇϸç, ÇØ´ç ±â¾÷µµ ÁÖÁÖÀÇ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ¿¡ »óÀåÆóÁö¸¦ ¿äûÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
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1-2. »óÀå¿ä°Ç
1) °ø°³µÈ ÁÖ½ÄÀÇ ½ÃÀå°¡Ä¡°¡ $18,000,000
ÀÌ»ó
2) °ø°³µÈ Áֽļö ÃÖ¼Ò 1,100,000ÁÖ ÀÌ»ó
3) ÃÖ¼Ò 2,000¸í ÀÌ»ó ÁÖÁÖ°¡ 100ÁÖ ÀÌ»ó¾¿À» º¸À¯
4) ¼¼ÀüÀÌÀÍ(Before tax income)ÀÌ Àüȸ°è¿¬µµ¿¡ $2,500,000 ÀÌ»ó, ±×Àü 2³âµ¿¾È
ÃÖ¼Ò $2,000,000 ÀÌ»ó
5) °í·Á»çÇ× |
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ÇØ´ç ±â¾÷ÀÇ Àü±¹Àû °ü½Éµµ (Áõ±Ç°Å·¡·® / OTC µô·¯ÀÇ °ü½Éµµ / °Å·¡ÁÖ½ÄÀÇ Áö¿ªÀû
ºÐ»êµµ)
- ÇØ´ç ±â¾÷ÀÇ »óǰ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÃÀå
- ±â¾÷ÀÇ ¿µÇâ·Â°ú ¾ÈÁ¤¼º
- ÇØ´ç »ê¾÷¿¡¼ Â÷ÁöÇÏ´Â À§Ä¡ |
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1-3. »óÀåÆóÁö(Delisting)
1) ÁÖÁÖ³ª Åë¿ëµÇ´Â ÁÖ½ÄÀÌ ±âÁØ¿¡ ¹Ì´ÞÇÒ¶§
2) ÅõÀÚ°¡ ÀÌÀÍ¿¡ ¹ÝÇϴ Ȱµ¿ÀÌ ÀÖÀ»¶§
3) ÇØ´ç ±â¾÷ ¿ä±¸½Ã ÁÖÁÖµ¿ÀÇ ÇÊ¿ä |
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| 2.
AMEX(American Stock Exchange) |
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2-1. °³¿ä
Àϸí "Curb"¶ó ºÒ¸®´Â AMEX´Â ºñ¿µ¸® ¹ýÀÎÀ¸·Î ´º¿å¿¡ ¼ÒÀçÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ±¸Á¶¿Í
¿µ¾÷¹æ½ÄÀÌ ´º¿åÁõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿Í À¯»çÇÏ´Ù. °Å·¡¸¦ À§Çؼ´Â ȸ¿øÀÌ µÇ¾î¾ßÇϸç ȸ¿ø¼ö´Â 675·Î ÇÑÁ¤Çϰí
203°³ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÑ´Ù. ȸ¿øÁß 12¸í°ú °øµ¿´ëÇ¥ 12¸í, ȸÀå 1¸í µî ÃÑ 25ÀÎÀÇ À§¿øÈ¸°¡
°Å·¡¼Ò¸¦ °ü¸®ÇÑ´Ù. NASDAQ½ÃÀå°ú 99³â ÇÕº´µÇ¾î NASDAQ-AMEX ½ÃÀåÀ¸·Î ºÒ¸®¿öÁø´Ù.
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2-2. »óÀå¿ä°Ç
1) °ø°³µÈ ÁÖ½ÄÀÇ ½ÃÀå°¡Ä¡°¡ $3,000,000 ÀÌ»ó
2) °ø°³µÈ Áֽļö ÃÖ¼Ò 500,000ÁÖ ÀÌ»ó
3) ÃÖ¼Ò 800¸í ÀÌ»ó ÁÖÁÖ°¡ 100ÁÖ ÀÌ»ó¾¿À» º¸À¯
4) ¼¼ÀüÀÌÀÍ(Before tax income)ÀÌ Àüȸ°è¿¬µµ¿¡ $750,000 ÀÌ»ó |
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| 3.
Regional Stock Exchange |
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3-1. °³¿ä
ÁÖ·Î ±× Áö¿ª¿¡¼ ¹ßÇàµÈ ÅõÀÚÁõ±ÇÀ» ÁßÁ¡ÀûÀ¸·Î °Å·¡Çϸç NYSE¿Í AMEX¿¡¼ °Å·¡µÇ´Â Á¾¸ñµµ °°ÀÌ
°Å·¡°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. »óÀå¿ä°ÇÀº ´Ù¸¥ °Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ ºñÇØ ÈξÀ ´ú ¾ö°ÝÇϸç ÁÖ·Î Áö¹æÀÇ ±â¾÷¿¡ ÆíÁßÇÏ´Â
°æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| 4.
Over The Counter Market(OTC) |
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4-1. °³¿ä
ºê·ÎÄ¿¿Í µô·¯ÀÇ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ °Å·¡¸¦ ÅëÇØ Áֽİŷ¡°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â ½ÃÀåÀ¸·Î ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿Í ¿ø°Å¸® Åë½ÅÀÇ
¹ß´Þ·Î »ó´çÈ÷ º¹ÀâÇÑ ÇüÅ·Π¹ßÀüÇß´Ù. ½ÃÀåÀÇ ÀÚÀ²±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇØ ¸¸µé¾îÁø ±â±¸ÀÎ SEC(Securities
and Exchange Commission)¿Í NASD(National Association of
Securities Dealers)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. °Å·¡°¡°ÝÀÌ Çù»ó¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °áÁ¤µÇ¸ç ÀÏÁ¤Àå¼Ò°¡
¾Æ´Ñ Àü»ê¸ÁÀÌ ¿¬°áµÈ Àü±¹¿¡ °ÉÃÄ °Å·¡°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. OTC¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÁ¤º¸½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ÈçÈ÷
NASDAQÁö¼ö·Î ¸¹ÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁø National Association of Securities Dealers
Automated Quotation System. |
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4-2. °Å·¡»óǰ
1) American Depositary Receipts(¹Ì±¹³» ÁֽĽÃÀå¿¡ »óÀåµÈ ÇØ¿Ü ÁÖ½Ä)
2) ÀºÇà ¹× º¸ÇèÁÖ½Ä
3) ±â¾÷ä±Ç
4) ¹Ì±¹Á¤ºÎä±Ç
5) ÀϹݱâ¾÷ÀÇ º¸ÅëÁÖ ¹× ¿ì¼±ÁÖ
6) Equipment Trust Certificates
7) Closed-end Investment Companies |
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| 1.
°³¿ä |
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1971³â
2¿ù 8ÀÏ °Å·¡¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÀüÀÚ(electronic-based)Áõ±Ç½ÃÀåÀÌÀÚ ½ºÅ©¸°(screen-based)Áõ±Ç½ÃÀåÀÌ´Ù.
÷´Ü±â¼úÁÖÀÇ Á߽ɽÃÀåÀ¸·Î ±Þ¼ºÀåÇßÀ¸¸ç ÇöÀç °Å·¡·®, °Å·¡´ë±Ý, »óÀå±â¾÷¼ö µî¿¡¼ ¼¼°è 1À§¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇϰí
ÀÖ´Ù. Á¾¸ñ´ç ´ÜÀÏ ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÎ(Market Maker)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °Å·¡°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â NYSE¿Í ´Þ¸®
Á¾¸ñ´ç Æò±Õ 11¸íÀÇ ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀεéÀÌ °æÀïÀûÀ¸·Î °¡°ÝÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î °Å·¡°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. |
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| 2.
±¸ºÐ |
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2-1. Àü±¹½ÃÀå(NASDAQ
NATIONAL MAEKET)
1) ºñ±³Àû ±Ô¸ð°¡ Å©°í Ȱ¹ßÇÏ°Ô °Å·¡µÇ´Â ±â¾÷À» À§ÇÑ ½ÃÀå
2) Áß¼Ò½ÃÀå¿¡ ºñÇØ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ö°ÝÇÑ »óÀå¿ä°ÇÀÌ ¿ä±¸ |
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2-2. Áß¼Ò½ÃÀå(NASDAQ
SMALL CAP MARKET)
1) ÃÖ±Ù ¼³¸³µÇ¾î ±Þ¼ÓÇÏ°Ô ¼ºÀåÇÏ´Â ±â¾÷À» À§ÇÑ ½ÃÀå
2) Àü±¹½ÃÀå¿¡ ºñÇØ ¿ÏÈµÈ »óÀå¿ä°ÇÀ» °®Ãß°í ÀÖ¾î ºñ±³Àû ¿µ¼¼ÇÑ ±â¾÷µµ µî·ÏÀÌ °¡´É |
|
| 3.
±Ô¸ð |
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3-1. »óÀå±â¾÷
Á¤º¸±â¼ú, ÅÚ¸®Ä¿¹Â´ÏÄÉÀ̼Ç, »ý¸í°øÇÐ µî ÷´Ü»ê¾÷ºÐ¾ßÀÇ Çõ½ÅÀûÀÎ
±â¾÷µéÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ »óÀåµÇ¾îÀִٴ Ư¡ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¶ÇÇÑ NYSE, AMEX µÎ½ÃÀåÀ» ÇÕÇÑ °Íº¸´Ù ¸¹Àº
¼öÀÇ ¿Ü±¹±â¾÷µéÀÌ »óÀåµÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù. ÇöÀç ³ª½º´Ú »óÀå±â¾÷µéÀÇ »ê¾÷ºÐ¾ßº° ½Ã°¡ÃÑ¾× ºñÀ²Àº, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ °ü·Ã¾÷
40%, Á¦Á¶¾÷ 29%, ±ÝÀ¶¾÷ 14%, ÅÚ¸®Ä¿¹Â´ÏÄÉÀÌ¼Ç 12%, ±âŸ 5% ¼øÀÌ´Ù. |
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3-2. »óÀå¿ä°Ç
NYSE¿¡ ºñÇØ »óÀå¿ä°ÇÀÌ ¿ÏȵǾî ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Àü±¹½ÃÀå°ú Áß¼Ò½ÃÀå¿¡
µû¶ó »óÀå¿ä°Ç¿¡ ´Ù¼Ò Â÷À̰¡ ÀÖ´Ù. »óÀå¿ä°Ç¿¡¼ ¿ä±¸µÇ´Â À繫°ü·ÃÀÚ·á´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀϹÝȸ°è±âÁØ(GAAP:
GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÛ¼ºµÇ¾î¾ß Çϸç
ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ ±â¾÷Áö¹è±âÁØ(CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STANDARDS: ¿¬·Ê ¹× ¼ö½Ã º¸°í¼ÀÇ
Á¦Ãâ, ÃÖ¼Ò 2ÀÎ ÀÌ»óÀÇ »ç¿ÜÀÌ»ç ¼±ÀÓ µî)À» ¸¸Á·½ÃÄÑ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ºñÀ繫¿ä°Ç¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ±â¾÷Áö¹è±âÁØÀº
µÎ ½ÃÀå¿¡ ¸ðµÎ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ°Ô Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù. Áõ±Ç½ÃÀå¿¡ »óÀåÀ» Èñ¸ÁÇÏ´Â ±â¾÷Àº ¹Ì±¹ Áõ±Ç°Å·¡À§¿øÈ¸(SEC)¿¡
µî·ÏÇØ¾ß ÇÏ¸ç µî·Ï ÀÌÈÄ¿¡µµ ±â¾÷°æ¿µ°ú °ü·ÃµÈ Á¦¹Ý »çÇ׿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¤±âº¸°í¼¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇØ¾ßÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹±â¾÷Àº
ºÐ±âº°, ¿Ü±¹±â¾÷Àº ¹Ý±âº°·Î º¸°í¼¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÒ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù. ÀÌ¿Ü ³ª½º´Ú»óÀå¿¡ µû¶ó °¢Á¾ º¸°í¼ Á¦ÃâÀǹ«°¡
ºÎ°úµÈ´Ù. ¿ì¼±ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿¬·Êº¸°í¼(ANNUAL REPORT)¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÏ°í ¸ðµç ÁÖÁÖµéÀÌ À̸¦ ¿¶÷ÇÒ
¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØ¾ßÇϸç ÁÖ¿ä ÀÚ»êÀÇ Áõ°¨, ¼Ò¼Û, Á¤°üº¯°æ, À繫»óÅ º¯°æ µî ȸ°è¿¬µµÁß ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ÁÖ¿ä
»çÇ׿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼ö½Ãº¸°í¼¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇØ¾ßÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÁÖ°¡³»Áö ÅõÀÚÀÚµéÀÇ °áÁ¤¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »çÇ×ÀÌ
¹ß»ý½Ã¿¡´Â Áï½Ã °ø½ÃÇØ¾ßÇÏ¸ç °ø½Ã¿¡ ¾Õ¼ ³ª½º´Ú¿¡ Åëº¸ÇØ¾ßÇÑ´Ù. |
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3-3. »óÀåÀýÂ÷
1) »óÀå°èȹ¼ö¸³
2) ÁÖ°£»ç(Áõ±Çȸ»ç ÀμöºÎ)¿¡¼ Á¦¾È¼ ¹Þ¾Æ Á¶°ÇÇùÀÇ
3) ȸ°è»ç, ÁÖ°£»ç, º¯È£»ç, ¿¹Å¹ÀºÇà µî ÁÖ¿ä Âü¿©ÀÎ ¼±Á¤, ÁÖ°£»ç¿Í ÀμöÀÇÇâ¼ ±³È¯
4) SEC µî·Ï ¼·ù ÃÊ¾È ÀÛ¼º
5) ±â¾÷½Ç»ç ÅëÇÑ SEC µî·Ï¼·ù ÃÊ¾È È®Á¤
6) ÀÌ»çȸ Àǰá Åë°úÇÑ µî·Ï¼·ù SEC Á¦Ãâ, ·Îµå¼îÀÏÁ¤ ¸¶·Ã
7) ·Îµå¼î ½Ç½Ã, ¹ßÇà°¡ È®Á¤
8) SECÀÇ µî·ÏÇã°¡
9) ³ª½º´Ú »óÀå |
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3-4. °Å·¡¹æ½Ä
1) ½ÃÀåÁÖ¹®(MARKET ORDER)
ÅõÀÚÀÚ°¡ ÇöÀçÀÇ ½ÃÀå»óȲ¿¡¼ °Å·¡¸¦ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý. ´Ù¼öÀÇ ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÎ(MARKET MAKER)µéÀÌ °è¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î
¸Å¼ö¿Í ¸Åµµ¸¦ À§ÇØ ÁÖ½ÄÀÇ ½Ã°¡¸¦ ¿Ã·Á³õÀ¸¸ç À̶§ÀÇ °¡°ÝÀÌ BID PRICE(½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÚµéÀÌ »ç·Á´Â
°¡°Ý:¸Å¼ö°¡°Ý)¿Í ASK PRICE(½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÚµéÀÌ ÆÈ·Á´Â °¡°Ý:¸Åµµ°¡°Ý) ÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼, ÅõÀÚÀÚµéÀº
½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÚ¿Í ¹Ý´ë·Î ½ÃÀåÁÖ¹®À» ³»¸ç ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ÆÈ¶§´Â °¡Àå ³ôÀº ¸Å¼ö°¡°Ý¿¡ ÆÈ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ̰í,
»ì¶§´Â °¡Àå ³·Àº ¸Åµµ°¡°Ý¿¡ °Å·¡¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ´Ü, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³»ºÎ½Ã°¡Ç¥´Â NASDAQ LEVEL¥±¿¡¼¸¸
º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
2) Á¦ÇÑÁÖ¹®(LIMIT ORDER)
- ÅõÀÚÀÚ°¡ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ Áֽİ¡°Ý¿¡ ÁÖ¹®À» ³»´Â ¹æ¹ý
3) °ø¸Åµµ(SHORT SELLING)
- ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÚ³ª ÀϹÝÅõÀÚÀÚµéÀÌ º»ÀÎÀÌ º¸À¯ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Â ÁÖ½ÄÀ» ÆÄ´Â °Å·¡¹æ¹ý. |
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3-5.
°Å·¡½Ã½ºÅÛ
1) Á¾·ù |
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-
NASDAQ WORKSTATIONS
- SOES(Small Order Execution System)
- ACES(Advanced Computerized Execution System)
- Select Net
- ECN(Electronic Communication Networks) |
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2)
NASDAQ WORKSTATIONS
(1) ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÎ(Market Maker)°ú Æ®·¹ÀÌ´õ¸¦ ¿¬°áÇØ ÁÖ´Â °¡Àå ±âº»ÀÌ µÇ´Â
Æ®·¹À̵ù ½Ã½ºÅÛ
|
| |
| (2) ºÐ·ù |
| |
| a. |
Level I |
| |
| - |
ÀϹÝ
Áõ±Çȸ»çÀÇ ºê·ÎÄ¿³ª ÀÏ¹Ý ÅõÀÚ°¡µéÀ» À§ÇÑ ¼ºñ½º |
| - |
°Å·¡
°¡°Ý, ¸Å¼ö/¸Åµµ °¡°Ý, ¹°·®, °Å·¡·® µî ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ¼öġȵÈ
Á¤º¸ Á¦°ø |
| - |
ÁÖ¹®À» Á÷Á¢
³ÖÀ» ¼ö ¾øÀ½ |
|
| b. |
Level
I |
| |
| - |
Áõ±Çȸ»çÀÇ
Order Floor¿Í Æ®·¹ÀÌ´õµéÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ |
| - |
Level
I¿¡¼ Á¦°øµÇ´Â Á¤º¸¿¡´Ù ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÎ(Market Maker)µéÀÇ
ÁÖ¹® µ¿ÇâÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ |
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Æ®·¹ÀÌ´õµéÀº
ÀÌ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ³ª½º´Ú ÁÖ½Ä ½ÃÀåÀÇ Market
Maker¿Í Á÷Á¢ ÁÖ¹®Ã¼°áÀÌ °¡´É |
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Level
I |
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Market
MakerµéÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ |
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Level
I, II°¡ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â Á¤º¸ ¹× ÁÖ¹® ³»¿ëÀ» ¼öÁ¤ °¡´É
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| d. |
Â÷ÀÌ |
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Level I : ÀÏ¹Ý Á¤º¸Á¦°øÈ¸»ç¿¡¼ Á¦°ø |
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Level II, III : |
³ª½º´Ú
WorkstationÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ³ª½º´Ú¿¡¼ Çã¿ëÇÑ
Àü¹®Æ®·¹À̵ùȸ»ç³ª Áõ±Çȸ»ç¿¡¼¸¸ »ç¿ë °¡´É |
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3) SOES (Small Order Execution System)
(1) Ư¡
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Á¦ÇÑµÈ ¼ö·®¿¡ ÇÑÇØ º¸´Ù ºü¸¥ ÁÖ¹®Ã¼°áÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁø Æ®·¹À̵ù ½Ã½ºÅÛ |
| b. |
ÁÖ·Î
Àü¹®Æ®·¹ÀÌ´õ³ª Áõ±Çȸ»ç¿¡¼ ¼Ò·®ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» ü°áÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ë |
| c. |
¼Ò·®
ÁÖ¹®À¸·Î ŸÁÖ¹®º¸´Ù ¾Õ¼ ü°áµÇ´Â ÀÌÁ¡ |
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(2) ÁÖ¹®·®
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°Å·¡·®ÀÌ ¸¹Àº ³ª½º´Ú NMS StocksÀº 1ȸ¿¡ 1,000ÁÖ±îÁö, »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î
ÀÛÀº Small Cap StocksÀº 500ÁÖ ±îÁö ÁÖ¹® Á¦ÇÑ |
| b. |
Á¦ÇѹüÀ§
ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÁÖ¹®Àº Á¦ÇÑ·® ü°áÈÄ ÀçÁÖ¹® |
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(3) ÁÖ¹®¹æ½Ä
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½ÃÀåÁÖ¹®(Market Order)°ú ½ÃÀåÁÖ¹®¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ÁöÁ¤°¡ ÁÖ¹®(Marketable
Limit Orders)¸¸ Çã¿ë |
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4) ACES (Advanced Computerized Execution System)
(1) ³ª½º´Ú ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀθ¸ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ
(2) ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÎÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» ³ª½º´Ú WorkstationÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ÀϹÝÀε鿡 °ø½ÃÇÒ ¶§
»ç¿ë
(3) ¸ðµç ÁÖ¹® Çã¿ë, ÁÖ¹®·® Á¦ÇÑ ¾øÀ½
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5) Select Net
(1) ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÎ »Ó¸¸ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Order Entry Firm, ECN, ÀÏ¹Ý Æ®·¹ÀÌ´õµéµµ »ç¿ë
°¡´ÉÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛ
(2) Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î Èñ¸Á ¸Å¼ö°¡³ª ¸Åµµ°¡ Á¦½Ã °¡´É
(3) ¿øÇÏ´Â Market Maker¿¡°Ô Á÷Á¢ ÁÖ¹® ¹°·® ¹Þ¾Æ¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖÀ½
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6) ECN (Electronic Communication Networks)
(1) 4th Market¿¡¼ ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â "Instinet"°ú °°ÀÌ 24½Ã°£
ÁÖ¹®ÀÌ Çã¿ë
(2) 4th MarketÀÇ °Å·¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀ̳ª ³ª½º´Ú Æ®·¹ÀÌ´õµéÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ë
(3) ³ª½º´Ú »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀϺΠ°Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ »óÀåµÈ Áֽĵ鵵 °Å·¡°¡ °¡´É
(4) ÁÖ¹®·®°ú ÁÖ¹®¹æ½Ä¿¡ Á¦ÇÑÀÌ ¾øÀ½
(5) Á¾·ù
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| a. |
Island(ISLD) : »ç¿ë·á°¡ Àú·ÅÇÑ ¹Ý¸é Island¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ÁÖ¹®¸¸ ü°á |
| b. |
Archipelago(ARCA)
: ´Ù¸¥ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ÅëÇÑ ÁÖ¹®µµ °¡Àå ÁÁÀº °¡°ÝÀ» ã¾Æ ü°á½ÃŰ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î ÀÌ¿ë ºóµµ°¡
³ô¾Æ°¡Áö¸¸ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ë·á°¡ ºñ½Ñ ´ÜÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| 1.
½ÃÀåÂü¿©ÀÚ |
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1-1. Dealer |
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| 1) |
Wholesaler (µµ¸Å»ó) |
| 2) |
ÁÖ½Ä
½ÃÀåÀÇ À¯µ¿¼º À¯Áö¸¦ À§ÇØ »çÀÚ¿Í ÆÈÀÚ°£ÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ¿øÈ°ÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁÖ´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çϸç ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ
Çü¼ºÇÏ
´Â ½ÃÀåÀÇ ÁÖ½ÄÀç°í¹°·®À» Ç×»ó º¸À¯Çϰí ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. |
| 3) |
¸Å¼ö°¡°Ý(Bid
Price)°ú ¸Åµµ°¡°Ý(Ask Price)À̶ó´Â ÀÌÁß±¸Á¶ÀÇ °¡°ÝÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ¸ç µÎ °¡°Ý°£
Â÷À̸¦
Spread (Dealer's gross profit margin)¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù. ÀÌ´Â Dealer°¡
ÁֽĽÃÀåÀ» À¯ÁöÇØ ÁÖ´Â ¼ö°í ºñ¿ëÀ¸·Î »ç¿ë. |
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1-2. Broker
1) Retailer (¼Ò¸Å»ó), Middleman (Áß°£»ó)
2) °í°´°ú Dealer »çÀ̸¦ ¿¬°áÇÏ´Â ´Ù¸® ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ¸ç ¼ö¼ö·á°¡ ¼öÀÔÀÌ µÈ´Ù. |
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1-3. Specialist
Áõ±Ç °Å·¡¼ÒÀÇ µµ¸Å»óÀ¸·Î ÀÏ¹Ý °í°´ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» Á÷Á¢ ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°í
¼Ò¸Å»óÀ» ÅëÇØ¼ ¹ÞÀ½. |
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1-4. Retail
member Firm
Áõ±Ç °Å·¡¼ÒÀÇ ¼Ò¸Å»óÀ¸·Î ÀÏ¹Ý°í°´ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» ¹Þ¾Æ Specialist¸¦
ÅëÇÏ¿© °í°´ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» ü°á. |
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1-5. Market
Maker
Àå¿Ü °Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ µî·ÏµÈ µµ¸Å»ó |
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1-6. Broker/Dealer
OTC¿¡ µî·ÏµÈ ȸ»ç´Â µµ¸Å»óÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¼Ò¸Å»óÀÇ ¿ªÇÒµµ ´ã´çÇϹǷÎ
ÀÌ·¸°Ô ºÎ¸§. Ưº°È÷ Broker¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â ±â´ÉÀÌ Àå¿Ü °Å·¡¼Ò¿¡´Â ¾øÀ½. |
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ÁÖ¹®Ã¼°á¹æ½Ä |
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2-1.
Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò(Stock Exchange market)
¹Ì±¹ Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼ÒÀÇ °Å·¡¿¡´Â Specialist Firm°ú
Retail Member FirmÀ̶ó´Â µÎ °³ÀÇ °³Ã¼°¡ Âü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. OTC ÁֽĽÃÀåÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò(First
Market)¾È¿¡¼ ½ÃÀåÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â Dealer¸¦ Specialist¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù. ´º¿å Áõ±Ç½ÃÀå¿¡
»óÀåµÈ ȸ»ç´Â 3000¿© ȸ»çÀÌ°í ´º¿å Áõ±Ç½ÃÀå¿¡ µî·ÏµÈ Specialistȸ»ç´Â 30°³»ç Á¤µµ·Î
´ë·« 1 Specialist´Â 100¿©°³ÀÇ ÁֽĿ¡ ´ëÇØ ½ÃÀåÀ» Çü¼ºÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ Specialist´Â
Àڽſ¡°Ô ¹è´çµÈ ÁÖ½Ä À̿ܿ¡´Â ´Ù¸¥ SpecialistÀÇ ÁֽĿ¡ ´ëÇØ °Å·¡¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù.
Specialist FirmÀº ÀÏ¹Ý °í°´ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» ¹Þ´Â°ÍÀÌ ±ÝÁöµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Specialist FirmÀº
Ç×»ó Retail Member Firm°ú °Å·¡¸¦ ü°áÇÑ´Ù. Retail Member FirmÀº ÀϹÝ
°í°´ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» ¹Þ¾Æ Specialist¸¦ÅëÇÏ¿© °í°´ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» ü°áÇϵµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. Retail
Member FirmÀº °í°´°ú Specialist »çÀÌ¿¡¼ °Å·¡¸¦ ü°áÇÏ°í ¼ö¼ö·á¸¦ ¹Þ°ÔµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ
Áß°£»ó(Middleman) ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â Retail Member FirmÀ» Broker¶ó ºÎ¸£±âµµ
ÇÑ´Ù.
Retail Member Firm(Broker)Àº °øÁ¤ÇÑ °Å·¡¸¦ À§ÇØ Specialist FirmÀ»
¼ÒÀ¯ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±ÝÁöµÇ¾î¿ÔÀ¸³ª 1987³â 10¿ù 19ÀÏ ÁֽĽÃÀåÀÇ ºØ±« ÀÌÈÄ ºÐ¸®ÀÇ ¹®Á¦Á¡ÀÌ ÁöÀûµÇÀÚ
Retail Member FirmÀÌ Specialist FirmÀ» ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Çã¿ëµÇ¾î ÀϺΠū
Retail Member FirmÀÌ Specialist Firm¸¦ ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, Áõ±Ç¹ýÀº
¿î¿µ»ó È®½ÇÇÑ ºÐ¸®¸¦ ¿ä±¸Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. |
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2-2.
Àå¿Ü°Å·¡¼Ò (OTC Market)
Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò°¡ ƯÁ¤ ÁÖ½ÄÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» ÁöÁ¤µÈ Specialist¸¦
ÅëÇØ¼¸¸ ÁÖ¹®À» Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â ´ë½Å Àå¿Ü°Å·¡¼Ò´Â ƯÁ¤ ÁֽĿ¡ ´ëÇØ ¿©·¯ ½ÃÀåÁ¶¼ºÀÎ(Market Maker)ÀÌ
Âü¿©ÇÏ¿© °æÀïÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±¸Á¶¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑ Á¾¸ñÀÌ ´º¿åÁõ½Ã¿¡ »óÀåµÇ¸é ÀÌ Á¾¸ñÀÌ ¹è¼ÓµÈ Specialist¸¦
ÅëÇØ¼¸¸ °Å·¡°¡ °¡´ÉÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸¸¾à OTC Market¿¡ »óÀåµÇ¸é ÀÌ Á¾¸ñÀÇ Market Maker°¡
µÇ°íÀÚ Èñ¸ÁÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ȸ»ç´Â OTC Market µî·ÏÈÄ ÀÌ Á¾¸ñÀÇ Market Maker°¡ µÉ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Ù. OTC¿¡ µî·ÏµÈ Market Maker´Â DealerÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ Broker·Î¼ÀÇ ¿ªÈ°À» µ¿½Ã¿¡
¼öÇà ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¼ OTC FirmÀ» Broker/Dealer¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù. |
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| 1.
ÁÖ°¡°áÁ¤¹æ½Ä |
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1-1. °æ¸Å¹æ½Ä
(Auction Market) |
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| 1) |
ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÇ °æ¸ÅÀÚ°¡ ÀÖ¾î ´Ù¸¥ ±¸ÀÔ Èñ¸ÁÀÚµéÀÌ Á¦½ÃÇÏ´Â °¡°ÝÀ» °ø°³ÇÏ¿© °æÀïÀûÀ¸·Î °¡°ÝÀ»
°áÁ¤Çϵµ
·Ï ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä |
| 2) |
´º¿åÁõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿Í
°°Àº Àå³»ÁֽĽÃÀå¿¡¼ ¿î¿ë |
| 3) |
Specialist°¡
°æ¸ÅÀÚ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´ç |
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1-2.
Çù»ó¹æ½Ä (Negotiable Market)
1) »çÀÚ¿Í ÆÈÀÚ°¡ ÈïÁ¤À» ÅëÇÏ¿© °¡°ÝÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä
2) Àå¿Ü°Å·¡¼ÒÀÎ ³ª½º´Ú½ÃÀå¿¡¼ ¿î¿ë |
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| 2.
½ÃÀ庰 Trading System |
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1-1.
1st Market (NYSE °Å·¡¼Ò) Trading System 1)
Ư¡
(1) °æ¸Å¹æ½Ä (Auction Market)À¸·Î ¿î¿ë
(2) ´º¿åÁõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ µî·ÏµÈ ÁֽĿ¡ ÇÑÇØ °Å·¡¼Ò¾È¿¡¼ °Å·¡ |
| |
| (3)
ÀýÂ÷ : |
°í°´ => Áõ±Ç»ç => °Å·¡¼Ò³» Áõ±Ç»ç ºÎ½º(Floor Trader) =>
Trading PostÀÇ Specialist => ÁÖ¹®
ü°áÈÄ °Å·¡³»¿ª Áõ±Ç»ç¿¡ º¸°í |
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2)
Super Dot(Designated Order Turnaround)
(1) °¢ Áõ±Ç»ç Àå³»ºÎ½º¿¡¼ Trading Post¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ÁÖ¹®À» ³Ö¾î Àü´ÞÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ
(2) 90% ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» Ãë±Þ
(3) Floor Trader°¡ Super Dot ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ¸·Î ÁÖ¹®À» Àü´ÞÇϱâÀü ¹Ýµå½Ã ÁÖ¹®Ç¥¸¦ ¼ÕÀ¸·Î
ÀÛ¼º, º¸°üÇØ¾ß ÇÔ |
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1-2.
2nd Market (Nasdaq) Trading System
1) Ư¡
(1) Çù»ó¹æ½Ä (Negotiable Market)À¸·Î ¿î¿ë
(2) Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿Í ´Þ¸® ´Ù¾çÇÑ °Å·¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ Á¸Àç. ½Ã½ºÅÛº° ÁÖ¹®¹æ½Ä »óÀÌ |
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2)
Á¾·ù
(1) NASDAQ WORKSTATIONS
(2) SOES(Small Order Execution System)
(3) ACES(Advanced Computerized Execution System)
(4) Select Net
(5) ECN(Electronic Communication Networks) |
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1-3.
3rd Market Trading System
1) Áõ±Ç°Å·¡¼Ò¿¡ »óÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼ ³ª½º´Ú¿¡¼ °Å·¡ÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Â ÁֽĽÃÀå. 1980³â´ë µé¾î¼¸ç º»°Ý °¡µ¿ |
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2)
Á¾·ù
(1) CAES(Computer Assisted Execution System) : ¸ðµç »óÀåÁÖ½Ä
°Å·¡ °¡´É
(2) ITS(Intermarket Trading System) : 1979³â ÀÌÈÄ °Å·¡¼Ò »óÀåÁֽĿ¡
ÇÑÇØ °Å·¡ °¡´É
(3) Instinet(Institutional Network) : ÁÖ·Î ±â°ü°£ °Å·¡¿¡ ÀÌ¿ë
(4) ECN(Electronic Communications Network) |
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1-4.
4th Market (±â°ü ÅõÀÚ°¡) Trading System
1) ±â°üµé³¢¸® Á÷Á¢ °Å·¡ÇÏ´Â ÁÖ½Ä ½ÃÀå
2) ´Ù·®ÀÇ ¸Å¹° °Å·¡¸¦ À§ÇØ ¹ß»ý
3) Áß°£ ºê·ÎÄ¿ ºÒÇÊ¿ä. ³·Àº ¼ö¼ö·á |
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 |
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| 1.
´Ù¿ìÁ¸½ºÁö¼ö(Dow Jones Averages) |
| |
1-1. °³¿ä
1844³â Charles Dow¿¡ ÀÇÇØ óÀ½ °è»êµÈ °¡Àå
³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Áõ½ÃÁö¼öÀÌ´Ù. ÇöÀç ÀÌ Áö¼ö¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾîÀÖ´Â 30°³ ±â¾÷Àº ±Ô¸ð°¡ Å« ¿ì·®±â¾÷ÀÌ¸ç ºÐ¸ð·Î
»ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¼öÄ¡´Â ÁõÀÚ, ÁֽĹè´ç µîÀ» ¹Ý¿µÇϱâÀ§ÇØ ÀÚÁÖ ¹Ù²î±â¶§¹®¿¡ Áö¼ö¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾîÀÖ´Â Áֽļö¿Í
ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. »ê¾÷Áö¼ö¿Ü¿¡µµ 20°³ÀÇ ¿î¼Ûȸ»ç ÁÖ½ÄÁö¼ö¿Í 15°³ÀÇ À¯Æ¿¸®Æ¼È¸»ç ÁÖ½ÄÁö¼ö, ÀÌ
¼¼°¡Áö Áï, 65°³ Á¾¸ñÀ» ÇÕÄ£ Á¾ÇÕÁö¼ö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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1-2.
±¸¼º
1) Industrial Average(30Á¾¸ñ) : ½ÇÁúÀûÀ¸·Î
°¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Áö¼ö
2) Transportation Average(20Á¾¸ñ)
3) Utilities Average(15Á¾¸ñ)
4) Composite Average(65Á¾¸ñ) |
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1-3.
¹®Á¦Á¡
Ç¥º»¼ö°¡ Àû¾î ½ÃÀåÀü¹ÝÀ» ´ëÇ¥Çϴµ¥ ¹«¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÁÖ°¡¿¡
°¡ÁßÇÏ¿© Áö¼ö¸¦ °è»êÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó ³ôÀº ÁÖ°¡ÀÇ ÁÖ½ÄÀÌ ³·Àº ÁÖ°¡ÀÇ ÁֽĿ¡ ºñÇØ Áö¼ö°è»ê¿¡¼ ³ôÀº ºñÁßÀ»
Â÷ÁöÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡, ƯÈ÷ ¼ºÀå·üÀÌ ³ôÀº ȸ»ç¿¡¼ ÁֽĹè´ç, ¹«»óÁõÀÚ, ÁֽĺÐÇÒ µîÀ» ÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó ÁÖ°¡°¡
³·¾ÆÁú °æ¿ì Áö¼öºñÁßÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµé°Ô µÈ´Ù´Â Á¡, Ç¥º»±¸¼ºÀÇ ¹®Á¦Á¡ µîÀ» µé ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
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| 2.
S&P500Áö¼ö |
| |
2-1. °³¿ä
±â¾÷ÀÇ ½ÃÀå°¡Ä¡¿¡ µû¶ó °¡ÁßÄ¡¸¦ µÎ´Â ½Ã°¡ÃÑ¾×½Ä »êÃâ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î
1941~43±îÁöÀÇ ±âÁرⰣ(Bas Period)¿¡ ´ëÇØ 10ÀÇ °¡Ä¡¸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇÑ´Ù. ´çÃÊ 233°³ÀÇ
»ùÇÃÁÖ½ÄÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀÛµÆÀ¸³ª 1957³âºÎÅÍ 500°³ÀÇ ÁÖ½ÄÀ¸·Î ´Ã¾î³ª¸ç ´Ù¿ìÁ¸½ºÁö¼ö¿Í ½Öº®À» ÀÌ·ç°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Áö¼ö°¡ °¡Á߯ò±ÕȵǾîÀÖ°í ´õ¸¹Àº ÁÖ½ÄÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾîÀÖ¾î ´Ù¿ìÁ¸½ºÁö¼ö¿¡ ºñÇØ Áõ½ÃÀÇ µ¿ÇâÆÄ¾ÇÀ» ÈξÀ Àß
´ëº¯ÇØÁشٰí ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÁÖ·Î NYSE¿¡ »óÀåµÇ¾îÀÖ´Â Áֽĵé·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾îÀÖÀ¸¸ç AMEX¿Í OTCÀÇ
Áֽĵ鵵 ÀϺΠÆ÷ÇԵǾîÀÖ´Ù. »êÃâ¹æ½ÄÀº ºñ±³½ÃÁ¡ÀÇ ÁÖ°¡¿¡ »óÀåÁֽļö¸¦ °öÇÑ Àüü ½Ã°¡ÃѾװú ±âÁؽÃÁ¡ÀÇ
½Ã°¡ÃѾ×À» ´ëºñÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±â¾÷±Ô¸ðº¸´Ù ¼ºÀ强À» Áß½ÃÇØ S&P500Áö¼ö¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾîÀÖ´Â ±â¾÷ÀÇ
¾à 20% °¡·®ÀÌ Ã·´Ü»ê¾÷°ü·Ã±â¾÷ÀÌ´Ù. ´Ü, ´ëÇüÁÖÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ» Å©°Ô ¹Þ°í Áö¼ö¿òÁ÷ÀÓ°ú ÅõÀÚÀÚµéÀÌ ´À³¢´Â
ÁÖ°¡ÀÇ º¯µ¿ÃßÀ̰¡ Â÷À̸¦ º¸ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ´ÜÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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2-2.
±¸¼º
1) S&P500 Á¾ÇÕÁö¼ö
2) S&P400 »ê¾÷Áö¼ö
3) S&P20 ¿î¼ÛÁö¼ö
4) S&P40 À¯Æ¿¸®Æ¼Áö¼ö
5) S&P40 ±ÝÀ¶Áö¼ö |
|
| 3.
NYSEÁö¼ö |
| |
1966³â
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